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Bamboo Kindergarten
Tasikmalaya, Indonesia
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Earthquake-safe and environmentally friendly kindergarten.

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Category:
education
Phase:
in use
Design:
Andrea Fitrianto, Fransiska Damarratri, Usie Fauzia Anniza, Kristoporus Primeloka, Klaus Dengen
Updated:
27 September 2018
introduction

Situated on a busy roadside in Tasikmalaya, a city in Western Java, Indonesia, a kindergarten is run in a makeshift facility shared with one of the teachers’ house. The kindergarten is home to 28 pupils and volunteer-teachers. After a year of operation, the kindergarten has become fully populated. It is soon understood that the kindergarten was in dire need of a new building, and a new spirit.

Luckily, a new location on a rice field in the inner land is obtained. It is well situated between hamlets. A team of architects from Arquitectura Sin Fronteras Indonesia (ASF-ID) were invited to help with the design from which several workshops were conducted involving school administrators as well as parents. Around the end of 2017 the funding for the project is secured. In March 2018, at the end of rainy season, after the rice harvest, construction began.

 

cultural and social context

Nur Hikmah kindergarten is found with a vision of living in harmony with nature to honor peace and respect diversity. The new building represents a novel approach to the native material and it has brought a new spirit to teachers as well as students and motivates them to take care the environment.

Planning analysis with teachers

image: Klaus Dengen | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Teachers evaluate today's class

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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materials and building techniques

Bamboo is chosen for the main structure for several reasons beyond economic and environmental. Due to flexibility, a bamboo structure is able to sway and bend gently, thus creating a more earthquake-friendly condition. The species used are Dendrocalamus asper for main structural components and Gigantochloa apus for tertiary components such as rafters and wall liners. The bamboo is treated in prior to last longer. The floor is raised on stilts to retain the existing agricultural functions. Separate from the floor system is the main bamboo frames that are designed to allow future expansion.

Scale model help to communicate bamboo truss design

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Main column at first floor

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Floor structure and ventilation gap

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Main column at second floor

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Main column at second floor

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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earth and climate

Tasikmalaya sits around 355 m above sea level, at the foot of mount Galunggung—A mountain that, in the memory of the local older residents, violently erupted in 1982. It has remain active, though dormant, and the kindergarten sits at about 15 km away from the crater. Nevertheless, the volcano has blessed the soil with fertility thus benefits the majority of farmers and cattle breeders. Aside from agricultural products, the city is also known for bamboo handicraft. Tasikmalaya region is also prone to earthquake, four of which happened since 2009.

Bamboo frames allow future expansion

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Stilts retain the existing agricultural functions

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Drone view

image: Kristoporus Primeloka | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Climate and geography

image: ASF-Indonesia | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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image gallery
Colorful sanitation block and wet area

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Stair made of bamboo

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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South facade

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Classroom with natural light

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Comfort of natural materials

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Main corridor

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Spacious classroom use by 5 y.o. pupils

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Airy upper deck use by 6 y.o. pupils

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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View from back side path walk

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Stilts for earthquake safety and thermal comfort

image: Andrea Fitrianto | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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technical drawings
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Second Floor

image: ASF-Indonesia | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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North elevation

image: ASF-Indonesia | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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East elevation

image: ASF-Indonesia | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Isometric view

image: ASF-Indonesia | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Diagram of time vs use

image: ASF-Indonesia | CC-BY-SA_black.png some rights reserved
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Location
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bamboo (56)
earthquake (21)
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